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Bob Dylan Wins Nobel Prize in literature

https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/oct/13/bob-dylan-wins-2016-nobel-prize-in-literature

Formore than six decades he has remained a mythical force in music, his gravellyvoice and poetic lyrics musing over war, heartbreak, betrayal, death and moralfaithlessness in songs that brought beauty to life’s greatest tragedies.

ButBob Dylan’s place as one of the world’s greatest artistic figures was elevatedfurther on Thursday when he was named the surprise winner of the Nobel prize in literature“for havingcreated new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition”.

Afterthe announcement, the permanent secretary of the Swedish Academy, Sara Danius,said it had “not been a difficult decision” and she hoped the academy would notbe criticised for its choice.

“Wehoped the news would be received with joy, but you never know,” she said,comparing the songs of the American songwriter to the works of Homer andSappho.

“We’rereally giving it to Bob Dylan asa great poet – that’s the reason we awarded him the prize. He’s a great poet inthe great English tradition, stretching from Milton and Blake onwards. And he’sa very interesting traditionalist, in a highly original way. Not just thewritten tradition, but also the oral one; not just high literature, but alsolow literature.”

ThoughDylan is considered by many to be a musician, not a writer, Danius said theartistic reach of his lyrics and poetry could not be put in a single box. “Icame to realise that we still read Homer and Sappho from ancient Greece, andthey were writing 2,500 years ago,” she said. “They were meant to be performed,often together with instruments, but they have survived, and survivedincredibly well, on the book page. We enjoy [their] poetry, and I think BobDylan deserves to be read as a poet.”

Bo Robert AllenZimmerman in Duluth, Minnesota, in 1941, Dylan got his first guitar at the ageof 14 and performed in rock’n’roll bands in high school. He adopted the nameDylan, after the poet Dylan Thomas, and, drawn to the music of Woody Guthrie,began to perform folk music.

Hemoved to New York in 1961, and began performing in the clubs and cafes ofGreenwich Village. His first album, Bob Dylan, was released in 1962, and hefollowed it up with a host of albums now regarded as masterpieces, includingBlonde on Blonde in 1966, and Blood on the Tracks in 1975.

Heis regarded as one of the most influential figures in contemporary popularculture, though his music has always proved divisive. Speaking last year, Dylansaid: “Critics have been giving me a hard time since day one.”

Hisown response to receiving the prize is unknown. He rarely gives interviews, andhas a troubled relationship with the fame attached to his decades ofpopularity. However, he has toured almost non-stop since 1988 and last weekendhe played the inaugural Desert Trip festival in Califoia, alongside othergiants of the 1960s, the Rolling Stones, the Who, Paul McCartney and NeilYoung.

Amongthe musical, literary and even academic communities, respected figuresexpressed their delight at Dylan’s Nobel prize. The author Salman Rushdie toldthe Guardian he was delighted with Dylan’s win and said his lyrics had been “aninspiration to me all my life ever since I first heard a Dylan album atschool”.

“Thefrontiers of literature keep widening, and it’s exciting that the Nobel prizerecognises that,” Rushdie said. “I intend to spend the day playing MrTambourine Man, Love Minus Zero/No Limit, Like a Rolling Stone, Idiot Wind,Jokerman, Tangled Up in Blue and It’s a Hard Rain’s Gonna Fall.”

MusicianJarvis Cocker said Dylan was a “great choice” and highlighted the 1963 trackDon’t Think Twice, It’s Alright as a personal favourite. “It’s a great break-upsong: he’s making light of it but one or two little digs show that he isactually a bit upset,” Cocker said. “I think Dylan’s sense of humour is oftenoverlooked.”

ProfSeamus Perry, chair of the English faculty at Oxford University, comparedDylan’s talent to that of the poet Alfred Lord Tennyson, calling the songwriter“representative and yet wholly individual, humane, angry, funny and tender bytu; really, wholly himself, one of the greats”.

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Theformer poet laureate Andrew Motion said the prize was “a wonderfulacknowledgement of Dylan’s genius. For 50 and some years he has bent, coaxed,teased and persuaded words into lyric and narrative shapes that are at onceextraordinary and inevitable.”

AuthorJoyce Carol Oates said there should be no question about Dylan’s work beingconsidered literature, praising the academy’s “inspired and original choice”.

“Hishaunting music and lyrics have always seemed, in the deepest sense, literary,”she said.

Thewriter Will Self, however, called on Dylan to follow the example of the Frenchphilosopher Jean Paul Sartre and tu down the prize.

“Myonly caveat about the award is that it cheapens Dylan to be associated at allwith a prize founded on an explosives and armaments fortune, and more oftenawarded to a buggins whose tu it is than a world-class creative artist,” Selfsaid. “Really, it’s a bit like when Sartre was awarded the Nobel – he wasprimarily a philosopher, and had the nous to refuse it. Hopefully Bob willfollow his lead.”

Noteveryone was overjoyed by the announcement, however. Irvine Welsh, the authorof Trainspotting, said that although he was a Dylan fan “this is anill-conceived nostalgia award wrenched from the rancid prostates of senile,gibbering hippies”.

Thenovelist Hari Kunzru was equally sceptical. “This feels like the lamest Nobelwin since they gave it to Obama for not being Bush,” he said.

Thewinner of the prize is chosen by the 18 members of the academy, who look for“the person who shall have produced in the field of literature the mostoutstanding work in an ideal direction”, according to Alfred Nobel’s will.

Theprize was expected to be announced last week, in the same week as the sciencemedals, and the delay prompted speculation that the panel could not agree on awinner – though this was rebuffed by Danius.

Daniusadvised those unfamiliar with the work of Dylan to start with the 1966 albumBlonde on Blonde. “It’s an extraordinary example of his brilliant way ofrhyming, putting together refrains, and his pictorial way of thinking,” shesaid. When she was young, Danius admitted, she was “not really” a Dylan fan,preferring the works of David Bowie. “Perhaps it’s a question of generation –today I’m a lover of Bob Dylan,” she said.

Majorwriters believed to have been in the running for the award included the KenyanNgugi wa Thiong’o, the American Don DeLillo and the Japanese author HarukiMurakami. At Ladbrokes, where the singer was at 16/1 from 50/1 when betting wassuspended, the spokesman Alex Donohue said “a lot of people scoffed when hisodds came in to 10/1 from 100/1 in 2011. Looks like there was something blowin’in the wind after all.”

Dylanis the first American to win the Nobel prize for literature since Toni Morrisonin 1993. His triumph follows Idea in 2008 from Horace Engdahl, thethen permanent secretary of the Nobel prize jury, that “the US is too isolated,too insular. They don’t translate enough and don’t really participate in thebig dialogue of literature ... That ignorance is restraining.”

Ajury now headed by Engdahl’s successor has obviously changed its view.