ترجمه سیاسی، متن اول

MEANING AND SCOPE OF POLITICAL SCIENCE

Jean Bodin (1530 – 1596) a French political philosopher coined the term “Political Science”. Political science is a branch of social science. The study of Political science is of great significance and importance in the present day Global village. Political Science is the study of the state. According to Garner, Political science begins and ends with the state. It may be defined as the study of man in the process of governing himself. According to Catlin, politics means either activities of political life or the study of those activities, which are generally treated as activities of the various organs of government. According to Gilchrist, political science deals with general problems of the state and government. The great Greek political philosopher, Aristotle (384 – 322 B.C.) was the first thinker to use the term ‘politics’. The term “Politics” is derived from the Greek word ‘Polis’ which means city – state.

Polis or city – state was a small independent self – contained political society. Greeks did not make any distinction between politics and society. These Greek city– states of ancient times provide an ideal point for the beginning of a systematic study of political science.Unlike the ancient Greeks, we live in a large territorial states today. Greek meaning of the state can be extended to the study of the modern state. In the words of the French scholar,Paul Janet, political science is that part of social science which treats the foundations of the state and principles of government. Broadly speaking, the scope of political science may be divided into three parts:

-Scope of political science concerning the state

-Scope of political science with reference to human rights

-Scope of political science in relation to government