ترجمه سیاسی، متن اول

MEANING ANDSCOPE OF POLITICAL SCIENCE

Jean Bodin (1530 – 1596) a French political philosopher coinedthe term “Political Science”. Political science is a branch of social science.The study of Political science is of great significance and importance in the present day Global village. Political Science is the study of the state.According to Gaer, Political science begins and ends with the state. It maybe defined as the study of man in the process of goveing himself. Accordingto Catlin, politics means either activities of political life or the study ofthose activities, which are generally treated as activities of the variousorgans of govement. According to Gilchrist, political science deals withgeneral problems of the state and govement. The great Greek politicalphilosopher, Aristotle (384 – 322 B.C.) was the first thinker to use the term‘politics’. The term “Politics” is derived from the Greek word ‘Polis’ whichmeans city – state.

Polis or city – state was a small independent self – containedpolitical society. Greeks did not make any distinction between politics andsociety. These Greek city– states of ancient times provide an ideal point forthe beginning of a systematic study of political science.Unlikethe ancient Greeks, we live in a large territorial states today. Greek meaningof the state can be extended to the study of the mode state. In the words ofthe French scholar,Paul Janet, political science is that part of social science whichtreats the foundations of the state and principles of govement. Broadlyspeaking, the scope of political science may be divided intothree parts:

-Scope of political science conceing the state

-Scope of politicalscience with reference to human rights

-Scope ofpolitical science in relation to govement