ترجمه متون سیاسی، متن اول

MEANING AND SCOPE OF POLITICAL SCIENCE

JeanBodin (1530 – 1596) a French political philosopher coined the term “PoliticalScience”.¹ Political science is a branch of social science.²The study of Political science is of great significance and importance in the present day Global village.³ Political Science isthe study of the state.⁴ According to Gaer, Political sciencebegins and ends with the state.⁵ It may be defined as the study ofman in the process of goveing himself.⁶ According to Catlin,politics means either activities of political life or the study of thoseactivities, which are generally treated as activities of the various organs ofgovement.⁷ According to Gilchrist, political science deals withgeneral problems of the state and govement.⁸ The great Greekpolitical philosopher, Aristotle (384 – 322 B.C.) was the first thinker to usethe term ‘politics’.⁹ The term “Politics” is derived from the Greekword ‘Polis’ which means city – state.¹⁰

Polisor city – state was a small independent self – contained political society.¹¹Greeks did not make any distinction between politics and society.¹²These Greek city– states of ancient times provide an ideal point for thebeginning of a systematic study of political science^.13 Unlike theancient Greeks, we live in a large territorial states today.¹⁴ Greekmeaning of the state can be extended to the study of the mode state.¹⁵In the words of the French scholar, Paul Janet, political science is that part ofsocial science which treats the foundations of the state and principles ofgovement.¹⁶

Broadlyspeaking, the scope of political science may be divided intothree parts:¹⁷

-Scope of political science conceing the state¹⁸

-Scope of political science with reference to human rights¹⁹

-Scope of political science in relation togovement²⁰